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1.
J. coloproctol. (Rio J., Impr.) ; 38(2): 158-163, Apr.-June 2018. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-954582

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic transmural disease process with approximately 10% of patients developing spontaneous intra-abdominal abscess during the first 5 years after the diagnosis. The symptoms are often nonspecific. The treatment modalities include the use of wide-spectrum antibiotics, imaging-guided percutaneous drainage (PD) and surgical drainage with or without resection. The best initial treatment strategy has not been settled controversial, as there are only retrospective studies with small sample sizes available in the literature. The majority of the patients would eventually need surgery. However a highly selected patient population with small abscess in the absence of fistulas or bowel strictures, especially those naive to immunomodulators or biologics, may respond to medical treatment alone with wide-spectrum antibiotics. The increased use of PD drainage in the last few years has been shown to reduce postoperative morbidities and risk of fecal diversion, allowing for subsequent elective surgery. Varied success rates of PD drainage have been reported in the literature. The initial surgical intervention of CD-related spontaneous abdominal sepsis is mandatory in patients with diffuse peritonitis due to free perforation. Surgery is also indicated in those with failed initial medical treatment and/or PD. This review article was aimed to evaluate the treatment modalities for spontaneous intra-abdominal abscess in CD patients and propose an algorithm for the best management of this complication.


RESUMO A doença de Crohn (DC) é um processo patológico transmural crônico, em que aproximadamente 10% dos pacientes desenvolvem um abscesso intra-abdominal espontâneo durante os primeiros 5 anos após o diagnóstico. Com frequência os sintomas são inespecíficos. As modalidades terapêuticas são o uso de antibióticos de amplo espectro, drenagem percutânea (DP) orientada por imagem, e drenagem cirúrgica com ou sem ressecção. A melhor estratégia terapêutica inicial ainda não ficou estabelecida e há controvérsias, visto que a literatura conta apenas com estudos retrospectivos com pequenas amostras. Em sua maioria, os pacientes acabarão necessitando de cirurgia. Mas uma população altamente selecionada de pacientes, com pequeno abscesso na ausência de fístulas ou constrições intestinais, especialmente aqueles que jamais foram medicados com imunomoduladores ou agentes biológicos, podem responder exclusivamente ao tratamento clínico com antibióticos de amplo espectro. Foi demonstrado que o uso mais frequente da DP nos últimos anos diminui as morbidades pós-operatórias e o risco de desvio fecal, o que possibilita uma subsequente cirurgia eletiva. Na literatura, têm sido relatados percentuais de sucesso variados com a DP. A intervenção cirúrgica inicial para a sepse abdominal espontânea relacionada à DC é obrigatória em pacientes com peritonite difusa, devido à perfuração livre. Também há indicação cirúrgica naqueles pacientes que não conseguiram obter sucesso com o tratamento clínico inicial e/ou DP. Esse artigo de revisão teve por objetivo avaliar as modalidades terapêuticas para o abscesso intra-abdominal espontâneo em pacientes com DC; além disso, propõe um algoritmo para o melhor tratamento dessa complicação.


Subject(s)
Humans , Crohn Disease/complications , Abdominal Abscess/surgery , Abdominal Abscess/drug therapy , Drainage/methods , Abdominal Abscess/diagnostic imaging , Fistula
2.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 51(4): 284-289, Oct-Dec/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-732201

ABSTRACT

Background Perianal fistulizing Crohn’s disease is one of the most severe phenotypes of inflammatory bowel diseases. Combined therapy with seton placement and anti-TNF therapy is the most common strategy for this condition Objectives The aim of this study was to analyze the rates of complete perianal remission after combined therapy for perianal fistulizing Crohn’s disease. Methods This was a retrospective observational study with perianal fistulizing Crohn’s disease patients submitted to combined therapy from four inflammatory bowel diseases referral centers. We analyzed patients’ demographic characteristics, Montreal classification, concomitant medication, classification of the fistulae, occurrence of perianal complete remission and recurrence after remission. Complete perianal remission was defined as absence of drainage from the fistulae associated with seton removal. Discussion A total of 78 patients were included, 44 (55.8%) females with a mean age of 33.8 (±15) years. Most patients were treated with Infliximab, 66.2%, than with Adalimumab, 33.8%. Complex fistulae were found in 52/78 patients (66.7%). After a medium follow-up of 48.2 months, 41/78 patients (52.6%) had complete perianal remission (95% CI: 43.5%-63.6%). Recurrence occurred in four (9.8%) patients (95% CI: 0.7%-18.8%) in an average period of 74.8 months. Conclusions Combined therapy lead to favorable and durable results in perianal fistulizing Crohn’s disease. .


Contexto A doença de Crohn perianal fistulizante é uma das formas mais graves das doenças inflamatórias intestinais. A terapia combinada com sedenhos e agentes biológicos é a estratégia mais comumente empregada para essa condição. Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as taxas de remissão perianal completa com a terapia combinada na doença de Crohn perianal fistulizante. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo e observacional com portadores de doença de Crohn perianal fistulizante submetidos à terapia combinada provenientes de quatro centros de referência do Brasil. Foram analisadas as características de base dos pacientes, classificação de Montreal, medicamentos concomitantes, classificação das fístulas, ocorrência de remissão perianal completa e recorrência. Remissão perianal completa foi definida como ausência de drenagem das fístulas associada à retirada dos sedenhos. Discussão Foram incluídos 78 pacientes, 44 (55,8%) mulheres, com média de idade de 33,8 (±15) anos. A maior parte dos pacientes foi tratada com Infliximabe, 66,2%, do que com Adalimumabe, 33,8%. Fístulas complexas foram observadas em 52/78 (66,7%) pacientes. Após um seguimento médio de 48,2 meses, 41/78 (52,6%) pacientes apresentaram remissão perianal completa (IC 95%: 43,5%-63,6%). Recorrência foi observada em quatro (9,8%) pacientes (IC 95%: 0,7%-18,8%) em um período médio de 74,8 meses para sua ocorrência. Conclusão A terapia combinada trouxe resultados favoráveis e duradouros em portadores de doença de Crohn perianal fistulizante. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Crohn Disease/therapy , Rectal Fistula/therapy , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use , Combined Modality Therapy , Recurrence , Retrospective Studies , Severity of Illness Index , Treatment Outcome , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/antagonists & inhibitors
3.
J. coloproctol. (Rio J., Impr.) ; 33(2): 49-49, April-June/2013.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-683222
4.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 24(2): 103-106, abr.-jun. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-592476

ABSTRACT

RACIONAL: A base cirúrgica principal no tratamento do câncer colorretal é a remoção em bloco do tumor com adequadas margens proximal e distal, associada à remoção dos linfonodos mesentéricos. OBJETIVO: Avaliar fatores associados à quantidade de linfonodos encontrados em peças cirúrgicas de pacientes com câncer colorretal. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo, de pacientes consecutivos, operados com diagnóstico de adenocarcinoma colorretal. Foram excluídos aqueles submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico paliativo. Os dados demográficos, operatórios e histopatológicos foram analisados utilizando os testes exato de Fisher, Qui-quadrado, Wilcoxon rank-sum e um modelo de regressão logística. RESULTADOS: No período de 2000 a 2008, foram operados 298 pacientes com câncer colorretal. Os dados incluídos na análise estavam disponíveis para 173 pacientes. Destes, 85 (49 por cento) eram do sexo feminino e a idade mediana era de 65 (26-94) anos. A ressecção mais comum foi a colectomia esquerda (45 por cento), seguida pela colectomia direita (23 por cento). O número mediano de linfonodos isolados foi oito (0-67) e 33 por cento dos pacientes tiveram 12 ou mais linfonodos identificados na peça cirúrgica. Os pacientes com idade menor que 50 anos e aqueles submetidos à coletomia direita obtiveram maior número de linfonodos isolados. CONCLUSÕES: A idade do paciente menor que 50 anos e o tipo de ressecção cirúrgica estão associados ao maior número de linfonodos encontrados nas peças cirúrgicas.


BACKGROUND: The main base in surgical treatment of colorectal cancer is en-bloc removal of the tumor with adequate proximal and distal margins, combined with the removal of lymph nodes. AIM: To evaluate factors associated with the number of lymph nodes found in surgical specimens from patients with colorectal cancer. METHODS: Analysis of a retrospective data of consecutive patients operated with a diagnosis of colorectal adenocarcinoma. Were excluded those undergoing palliative surgery. Demographic data, operative and histopathological findings were analyzed using the Fisher exact test, chi-square, Wilcoxon rank-sum and a logistic regression model. RESULTS: From 2000 to 2008, were operated 298 patients with colorectal cancer. The data included in the analysis were available for 173 patients. Of these, 85 (49 percent) were female and median age was 65 (26-94) years. The resection was the most common left colectomy (45 percent), followed by right colectomy (23 percent). The median number of lymph nodes were isolated from eight (0-67) and 33 percent of patients had 12 or more lymph nodes identified in surgical specimens. Patients younger than 50 years and those who underwent right colectomy had a greater number of lymph nodes isolated. CONCLUSIONS: Patient age less than 50 years and the type of surgical resection are associated with higher number of lymph nodes found in surgical specimens.


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Adenocarcinoma , Colectomy , Neoplasm Staging , Lymph Nodes/surgery , Logistic Models , Colorectal Neoplasms/surgery , Retrospective Studies
5.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 38(1): 69-80, Jan.-Mar. 2001. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-290421

ABSTRACT

At the present time several therapeutic options are used for the treatment of bleeding esophageal varices in patients with portal hypertension. We will review the main medical publications on transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), a procedure seldom used among us. TIPS works as a portocaval side-to-side shunt and decreases the risk of esophageal bleeding through lowering of the portal system pressure and a decrease of the portal hepatic pressure gradient. TIPS consists in the percutaneous insertion, through the internal jugular vein, of a metallic stent under fluoroscopic control in the hepatic parenchyma creating a true porta caval communication. There are several studies demonstrating the efficacy of TIPS, although only a few of them are randomized and control-matched to allow us to conclude that this procedure is safe, efficient and with a good cost benefit ratio. In this review, we search for the analysis of the TIPS utilization, its techniques, its major indications and complications. TIPS has been used in cases of gastroesophageal bleeding that has failed with pharmacologic or endoscopic treatment in patients Child-Pugh B and C. It can be used also as a bridge for liver transplantation. Others indications for TIPS are uncontrolled ascites, hepatic renal syndrome, and hepatic hydrothorax. The main early complications of TIPS using are related to the insertion site and hepatic encephalopathy and the stent occlusion is the chief late complication.


Subject(s)
Humans , Hypertension, Portal/therapy , Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic/standards , Ascites/complications , Ascites/therapy , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/complications , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/surgery , Hemodynamics , Hepatorenal Syndrome/etiology , Hepatorenal Syndrome/therapy , Hydrothorax/etiology , Hydrothorax/therapy , Hypertension, Portal/complications , Liver Cirrhosis/complications , Liver Transplantation , Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic/adverse effects , Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic , Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic/methods
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